Sistema Solar

Mars is hiding a partially molten, far hotter southern half beneath its surface

A team led by Alexander Berne, publishing in Nature, has found that Mars is hiding a deep thermal divide: its southern interior is 200 to 400°C hotter than the north and partially molten. Using tidal tomography — reading how the Sun's pull on Mars shifts through the seasons, from data gathered by three orbiters — the researchers mapped the planet's interior almost like a medical scan. The hotter south helps explain Mars's crustal dichotomy, its magnetic anomalies, and the faster seismic-wave dissipation seen by NASA's InSight lander.

Nuevos

JWST revela una carrera contra el tiempo para formar planetas

El telescopio James Webb ha estudiado 72 estrellas jóvenes similares al Sol y sus discos protoplanetarios —uno de los mayores estudios de formación planetaria con JWST—, revelando cómo escapa el gas necesario para formar planetas. Liderado por Naman Bajaj (Universidad de Arizona) con la científica del SETI Institute Uma Gorti, el trabajo muestra el tránsito de vientos moleculares impulsados por campos magnéticos a vientos atómicos y fotoevaporación: una auténtica carrera contra el tiempo para que los gigantes gaseosos como Júpiter armen sus atmósferas antes de que el disco se agote.

Why a black hole’s repeat flares keep fading: the answer was the star’s spin all along

When a star strays close to a supermassive black hole but isn't destroyed outright, it can survive to make repeated passes, flaring each time...

Cosmología

Exploración Espacial

Curiosity descubre un vasto campo de polígonos en Marte que podría datar de cuando el planeta era como la Tierra

El rover Curiosity de la NASA ha enviado imágenes de un extenso campo de polígonos con textura de panal de abejas en el cráter Gale, la primera vez que el rover se topa con estas formaciones a nivel del suelo. Se plantea como hipótesis que son grietas de barro talladas por ciclos de humedad y sequía durante la transición Noaciano-Hesperiano, hace unos 3.700 millones de años — el período en que Marte pudo haber exhibido un clima parecido al de la Tierra.
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Radioastronomía

Vida extraterrestre

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    El SETI Institute confirma que el cometa interestelar 3I/Atlas no porta tecnología alienígena

    El SETI Institute rastreó cerca de 74 millones de señales de radio provenientes del cometa interestelar 3I/Atlas y no encontró ninguna tecno-firma. El objeto, estimado entre 440 m y 5.6 km y posiblemente de 11 mil millones de años, es completamente natural.

    Física

    Universe Today features SKYCR director’s discovery of a gravitational arc in JWST data

    The international astronomy outlet Universe Today has published a feature on a discovery by SKYCR director Homer Dávila Gutiérrez: a previously uncatalogued gravitational arc candidate, A1, in the massive galaxy cluster MACS J0308.9+2645, identified from publicly available JWST NIRCam data. Found among 1,591 candidates across 54 public fields, A1 is best interpreted as a galaxy at redshift ~1.4, stretched and magnified by the cluster's gravity — a discovery hiding in Webb's public archive, with the definitive lens-model test still in progress.

    A single slope in the supernova data reignites the fight over whether the universe is accelerating

    The debate over whether the universe is really accelerating has flared up again. A team at Yonsei University, publishing in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, defends its controversial claim that a hidden age bias in Type Ia supernovae could mean cosmic expansion has already begun to decelerate, with dark energy weakening over time. They argue a recent defense of acceleration — co-authored by two Nobel laureates — rests on flawed analysis of the "age-bias slope." This remains a genuinely open, contested question that the Vera C. Rubin Observatory may soon help resolve.

    Stacking hundreds of little red dots reveals the compact galaxies hiding around them

    By combining JWST images of 217 little red dots into a single stacked view, a team led by Xuheng Ding and Lilan Yang has pulled a faint optical glow out of the noise — light from the compact star-forming galaxies surrounding these enigmatic objects, published in Nature Astronomy. The host galaxies weigh roughly a billion solar masses with average radii of just 210 parsecs, about 2.5 times more compact than similar galaxies of the era, with the little red dots at their centers as supermassive black holes. The results describe the sample's average properties and await spectroscopic confirmation.

    The early universe’s giant galaxies are hiding their true weight in small stars

    Using the James Webb Space Telescope, an international team led by Leiden University has, for the first time, reliably measured the mix of tiny and giant stars in nine massive early galaxies — finding their stellar populations are bottom-heavy, packed with far more low-mass stars than galaxies like the Milky Way. As a result, these cosmic titans may be much more massive than thought; one, formed less than 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, may be up to four times heavier than previous estimates. Published in Nature Astronomy.

    Un grumo invisible de materia oscura podría haber curvado el chorro de un blázar emisor de neutrinos

    Astrónomos liderados por Silke Britzen (Instituto Max Planck de Radioastronomía) han encontrado indicios de que un grumo invisible de materia oscura curvó gravitacionalmente el chorro del blázar PKS 2233-148, una de las pocas fuentes candidatas de neutrinos cósmicos. Combinando radio, rayos gamma y rayos X, detectaron un desplazamiento súbito del chorro junto a un destello ultrarrápido que podría ser la primera firma de subestructura de materia oscura detectada de esta forma. Publicado en MNRAS.

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